Highlights
- A huge cave about 175 feet high and 200 feet long
- Named after the Chinese monk Faxian, who visited in the 5th century
- One of the oldest prehistoric settlement sites in South Asia
- Finds here tell the story of early people in Sri Lanka
Overview
Fa Hien Cave, known locally as Pahiyangala, is a huge rock shelter near Bulathsinhala, inland from Kalutara. It is often described as one of the largest natural caves in South Asia. It is named after the Chinese monk Faxian (Fa Hien), who visited Sri Lanka in the 5th century AD; legend says he stayed here, although this is not proven.
Prehistory
Excavations in the cave have found evidence of early modern humans, with remains dated to around 48,000 years ago, as well as stone tools and evidence of how people hunted and processed food in the rainforest. These finds make Fa Hien one of the most important prehistoric sites in South Asia. The people are often linked to "Balangoda Man", the name used for the island's prehistoric inhabitants.
What you see
A climb of several hundred steps leads up through forest to the cave mouth. Inside the vast overhang is a Buddhist temple with a long reclining Buddha. From the cave, there are views over the surrounding forest and rubber land.
How long it takes
About one and a half to two hours, including the climb.
When to go
Early morning or late afternoon, to avoid the heat on the steps. The area is wet; rain is possible at any time.
Getting there
The cave is near Yatagampitiya, close to Bulathsinhala, about an hour by road inland from Kalutara.
Practical tips
- Wear good shoes for the steps, and remove them at the temple.
- Dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees.
- Bring water; there are few shops nearby.
Also in Kalutara: Richmond Castle and the Kalutara Bodhiya. See things to do in Kalutara and Kalutara hotels.
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